Vegetables

l’aglio	le cipolle	i cetrioli
le melanzane	la lattuga / l’insalata	i ravanelli
i peperoni	la zucca	i piselli

English borrows these two Italian terms:  i broccoli and gli zucchini (also: le zucchine)

And more veggies. Notice the similarities between English and Italian for some of these terms:

• gli asparagi [asparagus]
• le carote [carrots]
• le patate [potatoes]
• il cavolfiore [cauliflower]
• i fagiolini [green beans]
• i fagioli [beans]
• gli spinaci [spinach]
• i ceci [chickpeas]

Herbs – le erbe, gli odori – are essential in Italian cooking:

• il basilico [basil]
• il prezzemolo [parsley]
• il rosmarino [rosemary]
• la salvia [sage]
• il timo [thyme] etc.

Fruits

l’anguria	il melone	le ciliegie
i pomodori	l’uva	le pere
i lamponi	l’ananas	le mele

And also:

• le pesche [peaches]
• le albicocche [apricots]
• le fragole [strawberries]
• i mirtilli [blueberries]
• le arance [oranges]
• il kiwi, il mango, la banana, l’avocado

You should also check this exhaustive list from ThoughtCo.com with lots of fruits and vegetables, with pronunciation.